Confucius (551-479 BCE) was a Chinese philosopher, teacher, and political figure whose teachings focused on personal morality, social harmony, and proper governance. He emphasized the importance of virtue, filial piety, and respect for one's elders, as well as the cultivation of the "Junzi," or exemplary person. Confucius advocated for the moral and ethical development of rulers to create a just and harmonious society. His teachings, collectively known as Confucianism, have deeply influenced Chinese culture, as well as the political and social structures of East Asia.